Condensers
Lab Glass Condensers are laboratory glassware used in chemical reactions to cool hot gases and condense them into a liquid form. They are typically used in distillation, reflux, and other heating processes.
Types of Lab Glass Condensers:
Liebig condenser
In typical laboratory operation, such as distillation, the condenser is clamped to a retort stand in vertical or oblique orientation. The hot vapor of some liquid is introduced at the upper end of the inner tube, and condenses in contact with its colder walls. Water (or some other fluid) is constantly circulated in the jacket to carry away the heat of vaporization released by the condensing vapor, keeping the tube below the liquid's boiling point. The condensed liquid drips out of the lower end of the inner tube.
Allihn /Bulb Condenser
The Allihn condenser, also known as the Bulb condenser, is a type of condenser used in laboratory distillation and reflux experiments. It consists of a glass coil surrounded by a jacket through which a cooling fluid is circulated, allowing for efficient heat transfer and condensation of vapor.
The design of the Allihn condenser allows for effective cooling while also providing a large surface area for condensation, making it a commonly used tool in laboratory chemistry experiments.
Coil Condenser
The Graham condenser is a type of laboratory glass condenser used in chemical reactions. It is similar in design to the Liebig condenser, with a cylindrical glass body and an inner tube that is open at both ends but differs in that the outer jacket is closed at both ends.
The jacket is used to circulate a cooling fluid, usually water or air, to remove heat from the reaction mixture. This helps to condense the reaction vapors and collect the condensate in a receiver. The closed design of the jacket makes the Graham condenser ideal for reactions that are sensitive to air or where a sealed system is desired.
Double Surface Condenser
Double Surface Condensers have a water jacket on the outside and through the center of the condensing tube. This is used when the liquid is very unstable like alcohol, aromatics, essential oils, etc. These condensers are widely used throughout research laboratories. Made of 3.3 borosilicate to withstand heat and temperature changes.
